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Noorani Qaida with English

The same lessons with the English sound under every tile and a short note on each rule, so parents can follow along at home.

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Lesson 1: The single letters

حُرُوْفِ مُفْرَدَات

The 29 letters of the Arabic alphabet, read from right to left. Learn each letter's name and the place in the mouth or throat it comes from. Heavier letters are marked with a dot under the name (Ḥ, Ṣ, Ḍ, Ṭ, Ẓ).

  • اAlif
  • بBa
  • تTa
  • ثTha
  • جJeem
  • حḤaa
  • خKha
  • دDal
  • ذDhal
  • رRa
  • زZay
  • سSeen
  • شSheen
  • صṢaad
  • ضḌaad
  • طṬaa
  • ظẒaa
  • عAin
  • غGhain
  • فFa
  • قQaf
  • كKaf
  • لLam
  • مMeem
  • نNoon
  • وWaw
  • هHaa
  • ءHamzah
  • يYa

Lesson 2: Letter shapes when joined

حُرُوْفِ مُرَكَّبَات

Most letters change shape when they join: alone, at the start, in the middle and at the end of a word (read right to left). Six letters (ا د ذ ر ز و) never join to the letter after them, so they have only two shapes.

  • ا ـاAlif
  • ب بـ ـبـ ـبBa
  • ت تـ ـتـ ـتTa
  • ث ثـ ـثـ ـثTha
  • ج جـ ـجـ ـجJeem
  • ح حـ ـحـ ـحḤaa
  • خ خـ ـخـ ـخKha
  • د ـدDal
  • ذ ـذDhal
  • ر ـرRa
  • ز ـزZay
  • س سـ ـسـ ـسSeen
  • ش شـ ـشـ ـشSheen
  • ص صـ ـصـ ـصṢaad
  • ض ضـ ـضـ ـضḌaad
  • ط طـ ـطـ ـطṬaa
  • ظ ظـ ـظـ ـظẒaa
  • ع عـ ـعـ ـعAin
  • غ غـ ـغـ ـغGhain
  • ف فـ ـفـ ـفFa
  • ق قـ ـقـ ـقQaf
  • ك كـ ـكـ ـكKaf
  • ل لـ ـلـ ـلLam
  • م مـ ـمـ ـمMeem
  • ن نـ ـنـ ـنNoon
  • و ـوWaw
  • ه هـ ـهـ ـهHaa
  • ي يـ ـيـ ـيYa

Lesson 3: Huroof Muqatta'at

حُرُوْفِ مُقَطَّعَات

These letters open some surahs of the Quran and are read by their names, one at a time. The text here is taken exactly from the Madinah Mushaf.

  • الٓمٓAlif Lām Mīm
  • الٓمٓصٓAlif Lām Mīm Ṣād
  • الٓرAlif Lām Rā
  • الٓمٓرAlif Lām Mīm Rā
  • كٓهيعٓصٓKāf Hā Yā ʿAyn Ṣād
  • طهṬā Hā
  • طسٓمٓṬā Sīn Mīm
  • طسٓṬā Sīn
  • يسٓYā Sīn
  • صٓṢād
  • حمٓḤā Mīm
  • عٓسٓقٓʿAyn Sīn Qāf
  • قٓQāf
  • نٓNūn

Lesson 4: Harakat (zabar, zer, pesh)

حَرَكَات

Three short vowels. Zabar (fatḥah) above the letter gives "a", zer (kasrah) below gives "i", pesh (ḍammah) above gives "u". Say them short and crisp.

Zabar (fatḥah)

  • بَba
  • تَta
  • ثَtha
  • جَja
  • حَḥa
  • خَkha
  • دَda
  • ذَdha
  • رَra
  • زَza
  • سَsa
  • شَsha
  • صَṣa
  • ضَḍa
  • طَṭa
  • ظَẓa
  • عَʿa
  • غَgha
  • فَfa
  • قَqa
  • كَka
  • لَla
  • مَma
  • نَna
  • وَwa
  • هَha
  • ءَʾa
  • يَya

Zer (kasrah)

  • بِbi
  • تِti
  • ثِthi
  • جِji
  • حِḥi
  • خِkhi
  • دِdi
  • ذِdhi
  • رِri
  • زِzi
  • سِsi
  • شِshi
  • صِṣi
  • ضِḍi
  • طِṭi
  • ظِẓi
  • عِʿi
  • غِghi
  • فِfi
  • قِqi
  • كِki
  • لِli
  • مِmi
  • نِni
  • وِwi
  • هِhi
  • ءِʾi
  • يِyi

Pesh (ḍammah)

  • بُbu
  • تُtu
  • ثُthu
  • جُju
  • حُḥu
  • خُkhu
  • دُdu
  • ذُdhu
  • رُru
  • زُzu
  • سُsu
  • شُshu
  • صُṣu
  • ضُḍu
  • طُṭu
  • ظُẓu
  • عُʿu
  • غُghu
  • فُfu
  • قُqu
  • كُku
  • لُlu
  • مُmu
  • نُnu
  • وُwu
  • هُhu
  • ءُʾu
  • يُyu

Lesson 5: Tanween (double vowels)

تَنْوِيْن

A doubled vowel adds an "n" sound at the end: do zabar "an", do zer "in", do pesh "un". It only comes at the end of a word.

Do zabar (fatḥatain)

  • بًban
  • تًtan
  • ثًthan
  • جًjan
  • حًḥan
  • خًkhan
  • دًdan
  • ذًdhan
  • رًran
  • زًzan
  • سًsan
  • شًshan
  • صًṣan
  • ضًḍan
  • طًṭan
  • ظًẓan
  • عًʿan
  • غًghan
  • فًfan
  • قًqan
  • كًkan
  • لًlan
  • مًman
  • نًnan
  • وًwan
  • هًhan
  • ءًʾan
  • يًyan

Do zer (kasratain)

  • بٍbin
  • تٍtin
  • ثٍthin
  • جٍjin
  • حٍḥin
  • خٍkhin
  • دٍdin
  • ذٍdhin
  • رٍrin
  • زٍzin
  • سٍsin
  • شٍshin
  • صٍṣin
  • ضٍḍin
  • طٍṭin
  • ظٍẓin
  • عٍʿin
  • غٍghin
  • فٍfin
  • قٍqin
  • كٍkin
  • لٍlin
  • مٍmin
  • نٍnin
  • وٍwin
  • هٍhin
  • ءٍʾin
  • يٍyin

Do pesh (ḍammatain)

  • بٌbun
  • تٌtun
  • ثٌthun
  • جٌjun
  • حٌḥun
  • خٌkhun
  • دٌdun
  • ذٌdhun
  • رٌrun
  • زٌzun
  • سٌsun
  • شٌshun
  • صٌṣun
  • ضٌḍun
  • طٌṭun
  • ظٌẓun
  • عٌʿun
  • غٌghun
  • فٌfun
  • قٌqun
  • كٌkun
  • لٌlun
  • مٌmun
  • نٌnun
  • وٌwun
  • هٌhun
  • ءٌʾun
  • يٌyun

Lesson 6: Practice words with harakat and tanween

مَشْق

Real words from the Quran using only the short vowels and tanween. Read each letter with its vowel, then join them smoothly. In a word ending in do zabar, the alif after it is written but not read long.

Harakat

  • كَتَبَkataba
  • خَلَقَkhalaqa
  • جَعَلَjaʿala
  • ذَهَبَdhahaba
  • نَصَرَnaṣara
  • أَمَرَamara
  • سَمِعَsamiʿa
  • عَلِمَʿalima
  • حَسِبَḥasiba
  • كَرُمَkaruma
  • صَدَقَṣadaqa
  • فَتَحَfataḥa

Tanween

  • أَحَدٌaḥadun
  • وَلَدٌwaladun
  • مَلَكٌmalakun
  • بَلَدٍbaladin
  • رُسُلٍrusulin
  • أَبَدًاabadan
  • عَمَلًاʿamalan
  • سَبَبًاsababan

Lesson 7: Khari zabar, khari zer, ulta pesh

کھڑا زبر، کھڑی زیر، اُلٹا پیش

Standing vowels are read long, for two counts: khari zabar like a long "ā", khari zer like a long "ī", ulta pesh like a long "ū".

  • هٰذَاhādhā
  • ذٰلِكَdhālika
  • لٰكِنْlākin
  • بِهٖbihī
  • لَهٗlahū
  • رَسُوْلُهٗrasūluhū

Lesson 8: Huroof Maddah (long vowels)

حُرُوْفِ مَدَّه

Alif after zabar, ya saakin after zer, and waw saakin after pesh make the vowel long: "bā", "bī", "bū". Hold them for two counts.

  • بَا بِيْ بُوْbā bī bū
  • تَا تِيْ تُوْtā tī tū
  • ثَا ثِيْ ثُوْthā thī thū
  • جَا جِيْ جُوْjā jī jū
  • حَا حِيْ حُوْḥā ḥī ḥū
  • خَا خِيْ خُوْkhā khī khū
  • دَا دِيْ دُوْdā dī dū
  • ذَا ذِيْ ذُوْdhā dhī dhū
  • رَا رِيْ رُوْrā rī rū
  • زَا زِيْ زُوْzā zī zū
  • سَا سِيْ سُوْsā sī sū
  • شَا شِيْ شُوْshā shī shū
  • صَا صِيْ صُوْṣā ṣī ṣū
  • ضَا ضِيْ ضُوْḍā ḍī ḍū
  • طَا طِيْ طُوْṭā ṭī ṭū
  • ظَا ظِيْ ظُوْẓā ẓī ẓū
  • عَا عِيْ عُوْʿā ʿī ʿū
  • غَا غِيْ غُوْghā ghī ghū
  • فَا فِيْ فُوْfā fī fū
  • قَا قِيْ قُوْqā qī qū
  • كَا كِيْ كُوْkā kī kū
  • لَا لِيْ لُوْlā lī lū
  • مَا مِيْ مُوْmā mī mū
  • نَا نِيْ نُوْnā nī nū
  • هَا هِيْ هُوْhā hī hū
  • ءَا ءِيْ ءُوْʾā ʾī ʾū

Practice words

  • قَالَqāla
  • قِيْلَqīla
  • يَقُوْلُyaqūlu
  • نُوْحٌnūḥun
  • كِتَابٌkitābun
  • نُوْرٌnūrun
  • دِيْنٌdīnun
  • سَمِيْعٌsamīʿun

Lesson 9: Huroof Leen (soft letters)

حُرُوْفِ لِيْن

Waw or ya with a sukoon after a zabar are read softly and quickly: "bay", "baw". Do not stretch them.

  • بَيْ بَوْbay baw
  • تَيْ تَوْtay taw
  • ثَيْ ثَوْthay thaw
  • جَيْ جَوْjay jaw
  • حَيْ حَوْḥay ḥaw
  • خَيْ خَوْkhay khaw
  • دَيْ دَوْday daw
  • ذَيْ ذَوْdhay dhaw
  • رَيْ رَوْray raw
  • زَيْ زَوْzay zaw
  • سَيْ سَوْsay saw
  • شَيْ شَوْshay shaw
  • صَيْ صَوْṣay ṣaw
  • ضَيْ ضَوْḍay ḍaw
  • طَيْ طَوْṭay ṭaw
  • ظَيْ ظَوْẓay ẓaw
  • عَيْ عَوْʿay ʿaw
  • غَيْ غَوْghay ghaw
  • فَيْ فَوْfay faw
  • قَيْ قَوْqay qaw
  • كَيْ كَوْkay kaw
  • لَيْ لَوْlay law
  • مَيْ مَوْmay maw
  • نَيْ نَوْnay naw
  • هَيْ هَوْhay haw
  • ءَيْ ءَوْʾay ʾaw

Practice words

  • خَوْفٌkhawfun
  • بَيْتٌbaytun
  • قَوْمٌqawmun
  • يَوْمٌyawmun
  • عَيْنٌʿaynun
  • شَيْءٌshayʾun

Lesson 10: Sukoon (jazm)

سُكُوْن

A letter with a sukoon has no vowel of its own: join it to the letter before it. "ab", "ib", "ub".

  • اَبْ اِبْ اُبْab ib ub
  • اَتْ اِتْ اُتْat it ut
  • اَثْ اِثْ اُثْath ith uth
  • اَجْ اِجْ اُجْaj ij uj
  • اَحْ اِحْ اُحْaḥ iḥ uḥ
  • اَخْ اِخْ اُخْakh ikh ukh
  • اَدْ اِدْ اُدْad id ud
  • اَذْ اِذْ اُذْadh idh udh
  • اَرْ اِرْ اُرْar ir ur
  • اَزْ اِزْ اُزْaz iz uz
  • اَسْ اِسْ اُسْas is us
  • اَشْ اِشْ اُشْash ish ush
  • اَصْ اِصْ اُصْaṣ iṣ uṣ
  • اَضْ اِضْ اُضْaḍ iḍ uḍ
  • اَطْ اِطْ اُطْaṭ iṭ uṭ
  • اَظْ اِظْ اُظْaẓ iẓ uẓ
  • اَعْ اِعْ اُعْaʿ iʿ uʿ
  • اَغْ اِغْ اُغْagh igh ugh
  • اَفْ اِفْ اُفْaf if uf
  • اَقْ اِقْ اُقْaq iq uq
  • اَكْ اِكْ اُكْak ik uk
  • اَلْ اِلْ اُلْal il ul
  • اَمْ اِمْ اُمْam im um
  • اَنْ اِنْ اُنْan in un
  • اَوْ اِوْ اُوْaw iw uw
  • اَهْ اِهْ اُهْah ih uh
  • اَيْ اِيْ اُيْay iy uy

Practice words

  • قُلْqul
  • لَمْlam
  • مِنْmin
  • عَنْʿan
  • هَلْhal
  • بَلْbal
  • قَدْqad
  • أَنْتَanta
  • يَلِدْyalid
  • أَنْعَمْتَanʿamta

Lesson 11: Tashdeed (shaddah)

تَشْدِيْد

A shaddah doubles the letter: read it once with a sukoon, then again with its vowel. "abba", "ibbi", "ubbu".

  • اَبَّ اِبِّ اُبُّabba ibbi ubbu
  • اَتَّ اِتِّ اُتُّatta itti uttu
  • اَثَّ اِثِّ اُثُّaththa iththi uththu
  • اَجَّ اِجِّ اُجُّajja ijji ujju
  • اَحَّ اِحِّ اُحُّaḥḥa iḥḥi uḥḥu
  • اَخَّ اِخِّ اُخُّakhkha ikhkhi ukhkhu
  • اَدَّ اِدِّ اُدُّadda iddi uddu
  • اَذَّ اِذِّ اُذُّadhdha idhdhi udhdhu
  • اَرَّ اِرِّ اُرُّarra irri urru
  • اَزَّ اِزِّ اُزُّazza izzi uzzu
  • اَسَّ اِسِّ اُسُّassa issi ussu
  • اَشَّ اِشِّ اُشُّashsha ishshi ushshu
  • اَصَّ اِصِّ اُصُّaṣṣa iṣṣi uṣṣu
  • اَضَّ اِضِّ اُضُّaḍḍa iḍḍi uḍḍu
  • اَطَّ اِطِّ اُطُّaṭṭa iṭṭi uṭṭu
  • اَظَّ اِظِّ اُظُّaẓẓa iẓẓi uẓẓu
  • اَعَّ اِعِّ اُعُّaʿʿa iʿʿi uʿʿu
  • اَغَّ اِغِّ اُغُّaghgha ighghi ughghu
  • اَفَّ اِفِّ اُفُّaffa iffi uffu
  • اَقَّ اِقِّ اُقُّaqqa iqqi uqqu
  • اَكَّ اِكِّ اُكُّakka ikki ukku
  • اَلَّ اِلِّ اُلُّalla illi ullu
  • اَمَّ اِمِّ اُمُّamma immi ummu
  • اَنَّ اِنِّ اُنُّanna inni unnu
  • اَوَّ اِوِّ اُوُّawwa iwwi uwwu
  • اَهَّ اِهِّ اُهُّahha ihhi uhhu
  • اَيَّ اِيِّ اُيُّayya iyyi uyyu

Practice words

  • رَبِّrabbi
  • إِنَّinna
  • ثُمَّthumma
  • كَلَّاkallā
  • حَقًّاḥaqqan
  • أُمٌّummun
  • مُحَمَّدٌmuḥammadun
  • جَنَّةٌjannatun

Lesson 12: Sun and moon letters

حُرُوْفِ شَمْسِيَّه و قَمَرِيَّه

After "al", the lam is read clearly before moon letters (al-qamar), but before sun letters the lam is silent and the next letter is doubled (ash-shams).

Moon letters: the lam is read

  • الْقَمَرُal-qamaru
  • الْكِتَابُal-kitābu
  • الْحَمْدُal-ḥamdu
  • الْبَيْتُal-baytu

Sun letters: the lam is silent

  • الشَّمْسُash-shamsu
  • النَّاسُan-nāsu
  • الرَّحِيْمُar-raḥīmu
  • الدِّيْنُad-dīnu

Lesson 13: The word Allah

لَفْظُ اللّٰه

The lam in "Allah" is read thin after a zer, and heavy (full-mouthed) after a zabar or pesh, or at the start.

Thin (after zer)

  • بِسْمِ اللّٰهِbismillāhi
  • لِلّٰهِlillāhi

Heavy (after zabar or pesh, or at the start)

  • اللّٰهُ أَكْبَرُallāhu akbar
  • قَالَ اللّٰهُqālallāhu
  • عَبْدُ اللّٰهِʿabdullāhi

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